All

Below are those common fabric used for pool covers There are 6 types of fabric which could be used for pool cover:1. PE Tarpaulin for Economic Winter Cover2. PVC Tarpaulin for Safety Cover3. PP Trampoline Mesh for Safety Cover4. PE Net for Leaf Collection. 5. Solar Cover for Water warming up. 6. PE Shade Net for Sun Protection Click to download Common Pool Cover Fabrics

How many different kind of common Flame Retardants Testing Standard are used worldwide? No Testing Standard Descriptions 1 NFP92-507 　 2 EN13501-1 　 3 DIN4102-1 Fire behaviour of building materials and elements, Part 1: Classification of building materials requirements and testing. 4 CSFM T19 　 5 ASTM E84 　 6 BS7837 　 7 BS5867 　 8 AS/NZS 1530.3 　 9 AS/NZS 3837 　 10 ISO 6941:2003 　 ASTIM E84 – Upholstered Walls  Purpose: Rates flame spread and smoke development of interior finish building materials. Method: As application dictates (wrapped panels, glued fabric, etc.) samples are laid in 25’ tunnel and lit aflame at one end. Test: Measures how far and fast flames travel and the amount of smoke that develops. Association for Contract Textiles (ACT) Recommendation: Flame spread of 25 and smoke dev. of 450 or less for Class 1/A Notes: This is usually considered to include any items that are a part of the structure.For products that pass these criteria: Class A, Flame Spread 1-25, Smoke Developed Less than or equal to 450 Class B, Flame Spread 26-75, Smoke Developed Less than or equal to 450 Class C, Flame Spread 76-200, Smoke Developed Less than or equal to 450. Please note, this test is comparable to UL 723, ANSI/NFPA No 255, and UBC No. 8-1 NFPA 701 The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has a book of guidelines for testing the flammability of objects. In many states, it is required for many fabrics used in public spaces to be flame retardant. A test known as NFPA 701 is conducted to demonstrate how textiles such as those found in canopies react when put on fire. What is observed is how much the fabric resists the flame after 12 seconds. What is measured following that is the size of the flame, the char length, and if the fabric continues to burn. If a fabric has a char length of smaller than 6.5 inches, an after-flame of less than two seconds, and it does not continue to burn after falling to the ground of the testing chamber, the fabric passes and is certified as flame retardant.Test Method 1 1) Fragments or residues of specimens that fall to the floor of the test chamber shall not continue to burn for more than an average of 2 seconds per specimen for the sample of 10 specimens. 2) The average weight loss of the 10 specimens in a sample shall be 40 percent or less. Test Method 2 1.Performance Criteria. 1) When any specimen continues flaming for more than 2 seconds after the test flame is removed from contact with the specimen, the material shall be recorded as having failed the test. 2) When the length of char of any individual folded specimen exceeds 1050 mm (41.3 in.), the material shall be recorded as having failed the test. 3) When the char length of any single flat specimen exceeds 435 mm (17.1 in.), the material shall be recorded as having failed the test. 4)When at any time during or after the application of the test flame, any portions or residues of the material being tested break or drip from the specimen fall to the floor of the test apparatus, and continue burning for more than 2 seconds after reaching the floor of the test apparatus, the material shall be recorded as having failed the test. CPAI-84 This is a test to evaluate the flame resistance of fabrics found specifically in tents. CPAI-84 also gives certification and performance criteria to test suppliers. What is analyzed is how the fabric is resistant to fire depending on char length and how much mass was lost from burning. This test, however, does not determine whether or not a fabric is flame retardant. CPAI-84 was conceptualized in 1976 to reduce the likelihood of fires in paraffin-coated tents, such as those associated with circuses and fairs. This standard, however, is considered outdated and has not been revisited in over two decades. Since that time, very much has changed in the way textiles and fabrics for tents and canopies have been created. Both CPAI-84 and NFPA 701 are standards that assess flame-resistant properties of fabrics. While CPAI-84 is a standard made exclusively for materials in tents, NFPA 701 is a more general method of testing fabrics.

When we buy fabric, one term we often hear is GSM. It’s a very important attribute of a fabric because along with many other factors the price and comfort depend heavily on it. Also, different type of knitting stitches and woven structures give rise to different GSM values. In this article, we’ll provide you an in-depth look into what is fabric gsm and how do we measure fabric gsm. Without further ado, let’s jump right in. What is Fabric GSM GSM stands for “Gram per Square Meter.” Therefore, we can say it’s a measure of fabric density, i.e., the weight of the fabric per square meter. By evaluating the fabric GSM value, we can assess whether the fabric is heavy or lightweight. The higher the GSM, the heavier it weighs and vice versa. It’s an essential parameter in the textile sector for obvious reasons. We can’t characterize a fabric without mentioning it. We can measure GSM for all types of fabrics. It’s an essential parameter of the garments ordering process. Thus, maintaining it in all stages of the production is of utmost importance. For this, every textile engineer, specially merchandiser of woven and knit garments, should know the GSM calculation to execute the order properly. Now, we must remember that while fabric GSM gives us the idea of its weight it’s not a clear indicator of its thickness. The fabric thickness mainly depends on its structure/ construction. What Is Crimp Factor or Crimp Percentage? During the calculation of fabric GSM, the crimp factor may be needed sometimes, and for that reason, we have to know the crimp percentage. Warp and weft yarns are used to form fabrics. These two sets of threads, i.e., warp and weft yarns, create the structure of cloth by interlacing with each other. Due to the interlacing of these two sets of yarn, a wavy structure formed. This waviness is called Crimp. And Crimp always expressed in percentage. Here, the yarn loses its length while forming a wavy formation. The normal length of the yarn is longer than the interlaced one. That means the threads that are used to create interlacing lose its length due to wavy formation. Suppose a yarn whose length is 5.5 meter in normal or in straight condition, but when it interlaces with another one and form a fabric, then it loses its length, and the length is 5 meter(0.5 meter loss). Crimp Percentage Measurement For measuring the GSM, we need to measure the crimp percentage first. The measurement of warp crimp and weft crimp percentages formula are mentioned below:Crimp Percentage of Warp YarnYou need to use the following equation to get the crimp% of the warp –Crimp% of Warp Yarn = {(Length of the Warp in Straight Condition – Length of the Warp in Fabric Formation) ÷ Length of the Warp in Fabric Formation} × 100Crimp Percentage of Weft YarnYou need to use the following equation to get the crimp% of the weft –Crimp% of Weft Yarn = {(Length of the Weft in Straight Condition – Length of the Weft in Fabric Formation) ÷ Length of the Weft in Fabric Formation} × 100 GSM Calculation Method for Woven Fabric We can use this formula to determine the GSM of given woven fabric:Woven Fabric GSM = [{(Ends Per Inch × Warp Crimp Factore) ÷ Warp Count} + {(Picks Per Inch × Weft Crimp Factore) ÷ Weft Count}] × 23.5Now by putting down all the value from a sample, we can easily determine GSM value for a woven fabric. GSM Calculation Method for Knit Fabric We can use either of these formula to determine the GSM for knit fabric:Fabric GSM with Direct Count(Tex) = Course Per Inch × Wales Per Inch × Stitch Length in mm × Yarn Count in Tex × 0.001549Fabric GSM with Indirect Count(Tex) = (Course Per Inch × Wales Per Inch × Stitch Length in mm × 0.9155) ÷ Yarn Count in Ne GSM Cutter Machine How Does GSM Cutter Machine Work Basically, the GSM cutter machine works through its Four highly sharp blades. The blades are fitted inside the machine and sorted out in a pattern as every blade can participate in cutting in sequential order and cut the fabric very smoothly. A plate covers the outer part in which blades lie inside. As the blades are highly sharp, so we have to be careful while cutting fabric. There are machines of various diameters, but for use in textiles, the ideal diameter is about 11.2 cm. A cutting pad is an inescapable item for GSM cutter. It is also known as GSM PAD. GSM pad is mainly used to avoid crinkles and crease from the fabric during cutting. It helps to get the actual value of GSM. How to Measure Fabric GSM by a GSM Cutter Machine Step 1: Condition the Fabric Firstly, take a sample from the main fabric and reserve it for conditioning. The conditioning time may vary from fabric to fabric because it depends on the nature of the fabric.Step 2: Placing It over the GSM Pad When the conditioning time is over, then the fabric is placed on the GSM pad to avoid crinkle and crease. Then the GSM cutter is placed on the fabric.Step 3: Cut the Fabric Now, with the hand-driven metal knob, we have to cut the fabric, maintaining a steady pressure.And thus, the fabric is finally cut into 11.2 cm in diameter.Step 4: Weigh the Fabric Then we have to move the machine and take the fabric for weighting on the electronic balance to have an accurate measurement.Step 5: Calculate the GSM The formula for measuring GSM by GSM cutter machine:GSM=Specimen Weight(gram)x100After weighing the value of the cut specimen, we have to multiply the value with 100 and then calculate it.The calculated result is the GSM value for the fabric.For more accuracy, we should cut the fabric sample from five different places of the main fabric and measure the weight. After calculating the mean value, we have to multiply it by 100 just like before. What is GSM Tester? GSM tester is a type of machine through which the GSM value is obtained by cutting a sample from the main fabric directly. How is GSM Calculated? GSM could be calculated in different ways. But the most commonly used calculation system is “GSM Cutter Machine.” Through this machine, five different samples of the same fabric are examined, and the mean value is multiplied with 100, and the result is the GSM, which is in oz/yard². We have described the process in detail above. What does 300GSM mean? It simply means one square meter of that fabric weighs 300 gm. We know that higher GSM fabric is substantial, and lower GSM fabric is lightweight. According to the GSM value, the fabrics are generally categorized in the following ways – 30 to 150 GSM is lightweight; 150 to 350 GSM is the medium or standard value; More than 350+ GSM  is known as heavyweight or more substantial fabric. Why GSM is a crucial term when looking for a specific fabric?It’s vital because the weight of the fabric depends on this value. The higher the GSM of a fabric is the higher the weight. Thus, if two fabrics are composed of the same material, than the one that has a higher GSM value will cost you more. It’ll be thicker also.

UV Testing Standards Why UV Tested is need? There are many international, national and industry specific test standards that are applicable to UV weathering of materials. A small selection of these are summarised in the table below along with a brief description of their relevance.In general all of the test methods call up one or both of the main UV testing methods i.e. fluorescent bulb or Xenon arc type testing. The standards generally lay down the equipment type and the various control parameters. They also give either definitive or suggested test cycles or options of various cycles to be used. These will typically vary on the following parameters: UV intensity, profile of UV spectrum, duration of UV or total energy, moisture cycle and type of application, temperature or temperature of black panel or reference panels, angle of sample relative to source and distance from source.Often the standards do not specify the duration of the exposure or the assessment criteria for pass or fail. These are often indicated in the specific product standard or relevant industry standard. If your product or industry does not have a relevant standard then we can assist you identifying a relevant test regime.Most European clients find ISO 4892 a suitable standard and most American clients will test in accordance with ASTM G153. Applicable UV Testing Standards Standard Description ISO 4892-3 Test for duplicating Weathering Effects SAE J2020  UV testing assesses the resistance of automotive exterior materials after an accelerated weathering ISO 4892-2 Weathering Effects on Plastic Materials SAE J1960 Accelerated Exposure of Automotive ASTM G23 Standard Practice for Operating Light-Exposure Apparatus (Carbon-Arc Type) with and without Water for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials ISO 4582 Determination of changes in colour and variations in properties after exposure to daylight under glass, natural weathering or laboratory light sources ASTM G154 cycles 1-6 Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials Ford DVM0067MA Test methods for determining lightfastness at high temperature and their influence on dye and chemical recommendations LUL E4156 clause 11.10 Testing methods and associated performance requirements relating to cables SAE J2527 UV testing and Automotive testing. ASTM D570 Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics ISO 4892-1 Plastics — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 1: General guidance JIS B7754 Light-Exposure and Light-and-Water-Exposure Apparatus (Xenon-Arc Lamp Type) Further Study Ultra violet (UV) light accounts for around 5% of the sunlight received on the earth's surface (see solar irradiance spectrum below) and falls in the waveband 100-400µm. There are three UV bands (A, B and C) with wavelengths 400-320µm, 320-280µm and 100-280µm respectively. UV radiation interacts with bonds in polymers (plastics & rubbers) which can lead to degradation of the polymer chains and most damage occurs in the 290-400µm range. This degradation can lead to cracking, chalking, colour changes and loss of mechanical properties, all of which must be monitored if the polymeric material is destined for an application outside.

What is Fabric Test? Fabric is the main element of garments. There are many quality parameters of fabrics that must be tested to ensure fabrics quality meet the customer requirement. Fabrics become a cloth when we cut and sew it as per human body shape. Fabric's quality affects directly the human body. Objectives of Fabric Testing: 1. To check that the fabric conforms to the fabric specification.2. To check the effect of physical and chemical treatment.3. To improve the quality of the products.4. To meet customers’ needs.5. research and developed purpose Fabrics Testing Instruments No Test name Instrument 1 Yarn Count Electric balance, Counter pin, magnifying glass. 2 Fabric GSM testing GSM cutter, specimen fabric. 3 Fabric fire testing Gaslighter and fabric. 4 Distortion or Skew Movement Washing machine, Measurement scale. 5 Dimensional stability to washing Measurement Scale, Washing machine, Tumble dryer. 6 Fabric Allergy Testing PH  meter 7 Colorfastness to Crocking Crock meter. 8 Color Fastness to Washing Detergent, Water, Jar, and test specimen 9 Fabric Damage testing Tear strength tester. 10 Colorfastness to light Xenon Arc light machine 11 Seam Slippage test Strength tester machine, Sewing thread, and needle. 12 Fabric Abrasion Testing Abrasion tester, Scissor, Electric Balance. 13 Crease recovery  Test Crease recovery tester 14 Snapping & Unsnapping Test Button snap pull tester machine 15 Fabric Absorbency Test Fabric, Water. 16 Width of the Fabric – Cut table Cutter machine, Table. 17 Shrinkage Test Washing machine, Shrinkage test Scale. Difference types of Fabric Quality Testing, Testing Method and Pass tolerance Yarn Count:Fabric is produced by yarn, so first of all yarn is tested. Yarn Count is a numerical expression of coarseness or fineness of the yarn. This test is done by following the ASTM D1059/1907 method. Its acceptance limit is ±3%.Standard Method: ASTM D1059/1907Pass tolerance: Its acceptance limit is ±3%.Construction Per Inch ( Thread / Unit Length ):PPI & EPI is the most common term in fabric. PPI means pick per inch and EPI means Ends per inch. The pass tolerance is + 5% to -3 %*. The test is followed ASTM D3775 method.Standard Method: ASTM D3775Pass tolerance: The pass tolerance is + 5% to -3 %*Fabric GSM testing:GSM means grams per square meter. It is an important property of the fabric. The more gsm the garments more weight, The less gsm the garments lighter weight.Standard Method: ASTM D3776Fabric fire testingFabric is manufactured by various types of yarn. A fabric contains cotton, nylon, polyester, wool, etc. After manufacturing fabric, it needs to be dyed. Some are appropriate for that dye or not due to the thermal resistance. For that reason, this test is done to identify the yarn and as well as to select the temperature. This test follows the ISO-14116 method.Standard Method: ISO-14116Distortion or Skew Movement:This test method is used as an indication of the propensity of yarns to shift or distort in a fabric. Such distortions are objectionable due to the resulting changes in appearance. This test follows AATCC 179 method. Pass tolerance for left Max ±3 % and for right Max ±3 %.Standard Method: AATCC 179Pass tolerance: Pass tolerance for left Max ±3 % and for right Max ±3 %.Dimensional stability to washing after 3 Home laundry dimensions stability is the main function to test. After making garments if the dimension does not remain the same as before wash, all works will go in vain. To keep an accurate dimension, the test is used. The dimension stability test follows the AATCC 135 method. Pass tolerance along lengthwise max 0 to -3% and width wise max 0 to -5% .Standard Method: AATCC 135Pass Tolerance: length wise max 0 to -3% and width wise max 0 to -5% .Fabric Allergy TestingDuring Dyeing, many chemicals are used. So the PH value may differ from the standard. When garments are worn on the body, it also Directly reacts with skin. If the fabric becomes Acidic or Alkali it will be hazardous for human beings. So it needs to check whether the fabric is neutral or not. This test follows AATCC 81 method and passes tolerance for Acid Range is max 5.5 and for Alkali 6.5Standard Method: AATCC 81Pass Tolerance: pass tolerance for Acid Range is max 5.5 and for Alkali 6.5Colorfastness to CrockingColorfastness means the tendency to bleed the color from fabric. The crocking machine is used to test colorfastness. By crocking colorfastness can be tested in dry and wet conditions. It follows AATCC 8 method and its pass tolerance for dry minimum 3-4 grade and for wet minimum 1.5-3.5 grade according to scale.Standard Method: AATCC 8Pass Tolerance: For dry minimum 3-4 grade and for wet minimum 1.5-3.5 grade.Color Fastness to WashingColorfastness to washing means how many colors bleed due to washing. For this test multitier stripes are used and the specimen is attached with this stripe. Then evaluate the specimen before and after wash. It follows AATCC 61 method and passes tolerance on wool is max 3.5Standard Method: AATCC 61Pass Tolerance: pass tolerance on wool is max 3.5Fabric Damage Testing:Strengthens is another property of the fabric. So Strength is tested by a tear strength tester machine. This test follows the ASTM D1424 method and its pass tolerance is a maximum of 1.5-2.5lbs both lengthwise and widthwise.Standard Method: ASTM D1424Pass Tolerance: maximum 1.5-2.5lbs both lengthwise and widthwise.Colorfastness to lightColorfastness to light means how much color damage or bleed due to light. For this test, xenon arc lamp is used which produces high heat. It follows AATCC 16 method. Its pass tolerance is 2.5.Standard Method: AATCC 16Pass Tolerance: Its pass tolerance is 2.5Seam Slippage testSeam slippage is the problem of special fabrics that contains slippery yarn. This test method is used to determine the resistance to slippage of filling yarns over warp yarns, or warp yarns over filling yarns, by using a standard seam. The tolerance load resistance to yarn slippage should be 15 lbs-25lbs and it follows ASTM D434-95 method.Standard Method: ASTM D434-95Pass Tolerance: 15 lbs-25lbsFabric Abrasion TestingDue to rubbing with a body the entangled small fibers on the surface of fabric create pilling which makes the outsight of garments very odd. In order to remove such kind of problem pilling resistance test is done. It follows the method of ISO 12945 for which needs 3+1/2 hours and 12000 revolutions. The acceptance pill rate is 2-4.Standard Method: ISO 12945Pass Tolerance: The acceptance pill rate is 2-4.Crease recovery AnglesTo determine the recovery properties of fabrics by creasing in a loading device for a predetermined time using a weight. For this test Crease recovery tester is used. The acceptable Crease recovery angle is 75 Deg and it follows AATCC 66 method.Standard Method: AATCC 66Pass Tolerance: The acceptable Crease recovery angle is 75 DegSnapping & Unsnapping - Holding strength test- ( 4 PARTS BUTTON)The test method helps to determine the force required to disengage the fasteners that are attached to the garments and clothes. It follows ASTM D4846 method and Its acceptance load is min 1.5kg and max 2.5 kg. A Snap button puller tester is used for this test.Standard Method: ASTM D4846Pass Tolerance: Its acceptance load is min 1.5kg and max 2.5 kgAnti-Bacterial Activity & EfficacyTo keep the safe fabric from Bacterial activity & efficacy another test is done. For this kind of test, JISL-1902 method is followed.Standard Method: JISL-1902Pass Tolerance: No allowance for bacterial activity.Fabric Test absorbencyAbsorbency defines as the ability to absorb water in the fabric. This property is a very important factor for making garments according to use. This test follows ASTM D123–01.Standard Method: ASTM D123–01Pass Tolerance: Seconds - Before HL 7 and Seconds - After 10 HL 7.Width of the Fabric – Cuttable:No Tolerance for minus width. No upper limitStandard Method: ASTM D3774-18Pass Tolerance: No Tolerance for minus width.Shrinkage TestShrinkage is a common term in the garments industry. Shrinkage indicates that how much shortage or how much extend after laundry in measurement. It is denoted as shrinkage%. The more shrink the fabric consumption is more. as well as costing is more. Its tolerance is ±3 %. This test is done by the ISO 6330 method.Standard Method: ISO 6330 method.Pass Tolerance: tolerance is ±3% (It varies fabric wise )

To compare the fire performance of different membranes, we have looked at the four main categories of tensile membrane materials. Within these tensile membrane categories, there is a huge range of different products from many manufacturers. Listed in the table below are some example results that show a typical material fire-testing performance for each main tensile membrane type. This can be used to determine appropriate material types for your projects.The various membranes MakMax Australia works with will almost always have been subjected to Australian and International fire testing standards by the manufacturer. As a general guide, PTFE coated glass fibre membranes provide the best fire hazard properties, followed by ETFE foil, PVC polyester fabrics and finally woven HDPE shade cloth.This is a guide only and within each product category, there will be a range of different results and performance outcomes.Membrane TypeHDPEPVCETFEPTFEExample BrandGale Pacific Commercial Heavy 430Mehler FR900NAGC Fluon 200micronChuckoh FGT600Expected Lifespan10+ years20+ years40+ years50+ yearsFire Performance IndicesDuration of Sustained Flaming¹N/AN/AN/A0Flammability index²:21860Spread of Flame Index³:8700Heat Evolved Index³:5100Ignitability Index³:131600Smoke Developed Index³:780-10-1ObservationsVisible smoke, melting, flaming debris.Visible smoke and melting. Will not propagate flame spread.Self-expiring drops (will melt away from fire source but do not drip). Self-extinguishing immediately when the fire source is gone.Will not propagate flame spread.RecommendationUsually not suitable for fire escape routes or adjoining buildings.May be suitable for connecting to existing buildings, but usually not suitable for Type-A constructions or fire escape routes.Often accepted for Type-A construction with performance solution from fire engineer, sometimes sprinkled and usually as an externally facing element.Usually accepted for Type-A construction with a performance solution from a fire engineer.¹ AS 1530.1 Methods for Fire Tests on Building Materials, Components, and Structures. Part 1: Combustibility test for materials.² AS 1530.2 Methods for Fire Tests on Building Materials, Components, and Structures. Part 2: Test for Flammability of Materials.³ AS 1530.2 Methods for Fire Tests on Building Materials, Components and Structures Part 3: Simultaneous Determination of Ignitability, Flame Propagation, Heat Release and Smoke Release.A Note on Non-CombustibilityPrior to the 2019 BCA, PTFE-coated glass fiber tension membrane materials were generally deemed non-combustible as the code permitted composite materials to be classified as non-combustible, providing the structural elements passed AS 1530.1 and any coatings were sufficiently thin. The glass fiber woven structural base cloth within PTFE fabric is non-combustible to AS 1530.1, but the PTFE coating is not, and the change in wording in the 2019 BCA is generally interpreted by certifiers and fire engineers to now not allow this material to be considered non-combustible.Where non-combustible construction is required, a deemed to satisfy pathway is usually difficult to achieve, and PTFE-coated glass fiber membranes will normally need a performance solution to be used. Generally, in our experience, fire engineers and certifiers are familiar with PTFE-coated glass fiber membranes and based on the testing values to AS 1530 parts 1, 2, and 3 are usually happy to support a performance solution. PVC-coated fabrics have on occasion been given performance solutions that have allowed their use in areas requiring non-combustible construction, however, this is rare as the fire performance of PVC materials is inferior to PTFE-coated glass fiber membranes.

What are the standard tolerances for industrial textile? Thank you for choosing a high-quality textile product of the TAIMEI. Our products are manufactured on state-of-the-art production machines according to very strict quality specifications.   However, every production environment will have its own tolerances set in place. Industrial textiles include Tarpaulin, Shade Net, Geomaterial, require a degree of leeway due to their malleable nature. Different materials, shrinkage rates, and physical characteristics are different, so the tolerances are different. Once the fabric is used in the actual environment, these small variations tend not to be noticeable.   Tolerance limits are limits that include a specific proportion of the population at a given confidence level. In the context of quality control, they are used to make sure that production will not be outside specifications   During the manufacturing process of fabrics, faults are inevitable. In our quality control, all faults which are outside the norm are sorted out. Minor faults like e. g. knobs, oil-spots, thread breakage, thick and thin places, slubs, jutting threads which are no longer than 5 – 10 cm are marked and thus are no reason for complaint.   Below are the guidelines and recommendations of the outdoor industrial fabric tolerances:     PE/PP Coated Fabric PVC Coated Fabric Shade Net Woven Fabric Non-Woven Fabric Length divergence 3 -5% 3 % 10 %-15% 3-5 % 5 % Weight divergence 3-5 % 3 % 10% 3-5 % 5 % Width divergence 2.5 % 2% 3% 3% 3%   If the customer can not accept the tolerances, then, it should be discussed before the production. Therefore some special treatments could lower the tolerances, such as heat treatment, which will take some costs. In most cases, when we produce the goods, we will predict the divergence and tolerances and control the size, so customers will get the exact size after receiving the goods. But sometimes, the tolerance will be larger according to the temperature and environmental changes.   Within the bounds of our quality assurance, we try to fall below these tolerances and to deliver you a quality that is considerably above the standard of the China textile industry. If, despite this, you determine a fault that is not within the above-mentioned tolerances please inform us immediately by phone or in writing to enable us to analyze the fault.

Understanding BS5867 Part 2 B and C For Curtains Understanding BS5867 Part 2 B and C For CurtainsIn this article, we are going to provide the details of what BS5867 Part 2 B & Part C requires and why as a business owner you should be using flame retardant fabrics that fits this standard. What is the standard BS 5867 Part 2:2008 Fabrics for curtains, drapes and window blinds."Who is affected by BS5867If you own a business and want to reduce the fire risk, then it is important that you are mitigating the risk of fire. So you should be abiding and using products certified by BS5867 Part 2 Type B and C.The standard was republished in 2008. Title: BSI - BS 5867-2Fabrics for curtains, drapes and window blinds - Part 2: Flammability Requirements - SpecificationIt is the responsibility of the business owner to ensure that they are using products that are certified for use in the business environment, they can get this information by speaking to their fire officer.Public Environments Risk - Always Check with your Fire Officer.Low RiskPart 2BMedium Risk Part2C SuggestedHigh riskPart2C SuggestedVery high riskPart2C SuggestedCollegesCasinosOffshore installationsLocked psychiatric accommodationSchoolsHospitalsSleeping accommodationPrison cellsin hospital wards & hostelsUniversitiesHostelsMuseumsHotel bedroomsOfficesPlaces of entertainmentNurseriesPublic buildingsBarsRestaurants  Lower Risk - Usually require BS5867 Part 2bHigh Risk - Require BS5867 Part 2 C.NOTE FROM DIRECT FABRICSAll fabrics supplied by Direct Fabrics which are in the flame retardant section are certified to BS5867 and have certification to show this. Other suppliers might not have the necessary information.If you are looking to purchase flame retardant curtains then the view the range here.Business Owners - How to Comply to BS5867Need to specify the requirements for their projects to ensure that their fabrics are suitable for business use and that the Direct Fabrics team can supply the necessary flame retardant fabrics.It is the business owners responsibility to ensure that they comply with the required standard. The table below gives an indication of risk level of your business and you can check with your fire officer which standard you require.Choosing the Best Fabrics to ComplyWhen looking for fabrics or curtains you have a choice of part 2b certified products or 2c.BS5867 Part2C are usually inherently flame retardant fabrics this means that you can wash them and they will not loose their flame retardancy. These are ideal for Care Homes or for centres that will be laundered regularly.  Remember to line your curtains with a lining that is also certified to this standard.Curtain Linings and BS5867For the item to pass the standard the curtains must have the face fabric and the curtain lining certified to the BS5867 standard. The curtain will only be to the standard of the lowest fabrics.i.e the face fabric is certified to Part2C but the lining to Part2B, then you have to maintain to the lowest standard.Flame Retardant Treatment of Fabrics to BS5867Fabrics are available that are inherently flame retardant, these include polyester fabrics and other man-made material. Things like Cottons and other materials can be treated to meet the requirements.How are Fabrics Tested for BS5867Test methodA sample of the fabric, vertically held, is exposed to a small flame.For type B (Hotels, etc) the ease of ignition is observed. It is also noted if the flame reaches one any edge of the specimen and/or if any burning pieces of fabric fall down.For type C (NHS / Prisons) the fabric is further analysed to see what happens once the flame stops but when the fabric still may be glowing.NB: The fabric is tested before and after launderingtype B (12 wash cycles at 40°c)type C (50 wash cycles at 40°c)Test Performance CriteriaType B Performance Criteria: The edges must remain completely intact and no burning debris should fall.Discussion of Risk.When choosing which type of furnishings to purchase for your commercial premises, you should confirm with your fire officer.If you do not use flame retardant furnishings and you have a fire, you may be at risk of not being insured.Getting Fabrics Tested for BS5867Fabrics are certificated by UKAS approved testing laboratories. You can get any fabric tested to the standard and they test the material to the standard. Here is a list of some approved testing labs.ConclusionSpeak with the Direct Fabrics team to ensure that your fabrics are to the requirements required.If you are looking to purchase flame retardant curtains then the view the range here.*This entry was posted in and tagged BS 5867 Part 2 B C, Flame Retardant Fabrics, Fire Resistant Fabrics, care home curtains, flame retardant curtains, hotel curtains, British Standards, contract curtains on August 15, 2013 by Direct Fabrics.

Blackout vs. Blockout Fabrics: What is the Difference? When you end a busy day, there’s nothing better than a good night’s sleep and free from any blindly disturbing light. To pull this off, you have to use the right kind of curtains for your bedroom, either blackout or blockout.But what is the difference between blackout and blockout curtains? They both prevent light from entering a room, but not at the same level. Aside from that, they also have different levels in terms of noise reduction and room insulation.Still confused? Let’s break them down one by one.What Are Curtains?If for some reason, you still don’t know what curtains are, they are long pieces of fabric that cover your windows. These are moveable and can be drawn back and forth to put away if you don’t need them.Shopping for curtains takes an ideal amount of effort as you have to consider the room where the curtains are going to be used. The color theme, temperature, and the preferences of the people who will stay in that room matter (especially if it’s a bedroom).However, those questions only answer what the curtains would look like. Not exactly with how they would perform. Unbeknownst to a number of people, there are different types of curtains in terms of functionality, also.Although there is a good number of those types, we’re going to focus merely on blackout and blockout curtains.What Are Blackout Curtains?Blackout curtains are straightforward when it comes to their use. Their main purpose is to completely prevent any light from passing through the fabric. This effect creates what they call a 100% blackout.These also reduce some outdoor noise and prevent summer heat or winter cold from entering, but not in a significant amount. Keeping the room without light is their top priority.Who Are They For?Since using blackout curtains result in total darkness, not everyone is going to love it. Despite the peace and serenity felt in a pitch-black room, some still prefer a tiny light source peeking through (for example, a night light).Therefore, it’s understandable that they might not be the perfect choice for all. The best types of people who can make the most of these are the following:Night Shift Workers – They are those who work when everyone is dozing off but are asleep when the day breaks. The blinding light from the sun might disturb their much-needed rest.Babies and Toddlers – We know how difficult it is to lull our little bundles of joy to sleep. That’s why we also know how defeating it feels when their peaceful slumber is interrupted due to the sun.Those Who Have Light Sensitivity – Yes, there are certain people who are sensitive to light. Too much light can trigger simple headaches and migraines. Patients who went through brain surgery might be advised to avoid bright light as much as possible.Not only is sleeping in a zero lightroom a luxury, but it can also be a necessity for others.How Do They Work?Blackout curtains are made from two pieces of fabric. The front which will be the “main curtain” boasts the different designs and colors of your choice made from the usual curtain fabric materials. The extra backing layer, which is made from a thick and tightly woven black fabric, is responsible for blocking out 99.9% up to 100% of lighting. Expect that your curtains will be thicker and heavier because of that added layer.They can also prevent noise pollution to some degree, making it suitable for day workers who want to lessen their distractions. Room insulation is another perk but also only up to a certain degree.Ultimately, the main purpose of blackout curtains is for turning your room into a pitch-black relaxing scene. Not only is this going to be suitable for bedrooms, but it can create the perfect ambiance for theatre rooms. Your living room can instantly be transformed into a mini-theater room by using these curtains. What Are Blockout Curtains?Generally, blockout curtains (also called room darkening curtains) work the same as blackout do. The only difference is that it does not provide a hundred percent total darkness. It will block out some light, but not entirely.These types of curtains focus more on keeping the room temperature more comfortable rather than the light they’re preventing from entering.Who Are They For?You might be thinking, who would want room darkening curtains when the blackout ones are available? That’s not entirely the case.It might be hard to believe, but not everyone likes sleeping in the dark. There is a fine line between resting in on full darkness versus the warmth of letting the sunshine through. Blockout curtains fall between that line, it lets those two situations meet halfway providing you the best of both worlds.Here are some types of people who would love to use room darkening curtains for their bedroom or any room in the house:Babies and Toddlers – Yes, I know I’ve mentioned this before. But there are cases wherein some newborns have trouble sleeping in complete darkness. It could be because of the chilly ambiance.Children – How this group is separated from the babies is easy. Most children dislike sleeping in the dark. Oftentimes, this would cause you to purchase an additional light source such as a lamp or a night light. Using room darkening curtains not only helps you solve this problem, but it can also make naptimes exciting for your little one with their vibrant colors and fun designs, adding a pop of color to their bedroom.People Who Want to Save On Their Electric Bill – And that could be almost everyone. Thermal blockout curtains have proven their efficiency in lowering the electric bill in a home. These provide better room insulation, reducing your centralized cooling and heating system use.How Do They Work?Blockout curtains also have two layers of fabric like blackout curtains do. These are lighter since it doesn’t need a thicker and heavier material to completely filter out all the light.The front outer layer is usually the typical fabric like cotton duck canvas or polyester. This is followed by the inner back layer that serves as the light, noise, and temperature filter.People who prefer blockout curtains are more concerned with keeping the room at the right temperature as it does a better job at it. In a way, they can be considered thermal curtains. They work by insulating the temperature that is in your room, so you can come home to a cool area when it’s hot out or vice versa. Blockout (Room Darkening) Curtains vs Blackout CurtainsNow that that’s all taken care of, let’s break and have a quick comparison of the two:Fabric Material – Blackout curtains typically use the common fabrics for their outer layer with a rayon backing. It’s important to make sure that the light filtering layer is tightly woven or a triple weave to ensure 100% full blackout. Blockout curtains follow the same for the outer fabric, whilst the inner can be something light such as acrylic.Size – There’s nothing to note about size. Both curtains come in the same size as your regular ones do. There are a lot of options to choose from for your windows and some manufacturers even accept customized dimensions.Cleaning – Both curtain types are machine washable under cool water using mild detergent. Do not bleach them. If you have to iron, make sure to do so under the lowest heat setting.Overall Features – In a nutshell, they both provide light filtering, noise reduction, and insulation features. Blackout provides the most light filtering with so-so for the noise and temperature while the blockout performs better for the two but doesn’t provide the perfect light filter. Privacy is also the best feature these two have. Thanks to the additional layers, no one can see from the inside of your home.There is no perfect set of curtains. Preference is key to determining which type of curtains works best for you. Whether you love the dark or you just semi-hate it, it’s good to know that there are products catered to suit your needs.

How to choose a Poly Tarp? Learn everything about Polyethylene Tarpaulin Poly Tarps are one of the most popular tarps available to consumers due to the wide range of colors, sizes, weights/strength, and price. This document will provide the information you need to select the right tarp for your application whether you are covering a canopy, carport, construction job, tent frame, outdoor event, yard project or wedding. Poly Tarp Construction:Poly Tarps are typically made of multiple layers with a woven mesh fabric sandwiched between two or more polyethylene sheets. (TARPMAX can make maximum 5 layers) Polyethylene is the same material used in cables, pipes and molded containers. It accounts for the largest portion of recycled plastics (recycle codes 1, 2, and 3). There are many other features that should be considered as well when evaluating your purchase. Consider the following list of tarp features before deciding on the right tarp for your application.- GSM:GSM stands for Grams per Square Meter (g/m2). It is the weight of the fabric if you take a sheet of material which is one meter by one meter square and weigh it in grams.​​It is a benchmark specification to meet production manufacturing requirements. It is also a standard (one of many) upon which different materials are compared. When we design a new product we have a GSM target depending on the product's use, the weave, and the required cost. When we do quality control (during and after production) we weigh the material to make sure that it meets the target GSM (within tolerances). Normal tolerance for GSM is +/- 3%. So a 300 GSM material can vary in weight between 291 and 309 GSM.(Please click here to learn the difference between product weight and fabric weight )- Tarp Thickness – This is the actual thickness of the tarp measured in mils (1/1000 of an inch). The larger the number, the thicker the tarp. Typical light-weight Poly tarps found in most retail or hardware stores are about 5-6 mils. If you are planning a heavy-duty use, such as covering a carport, consider a heavy-duty tarp at 11 to 12 mils or a super heavy-duty tarp at 16-20 mils. Anyway, The unit "mil" are usually used in U.S.A, and it is not a very accurate tool to use in production control. It is used more on the marketing side, easy for people to distinguish the product's spec from the same supplier. - Size – The specified sizes of poly tarps will not be the actual measured size. The sizes will vary from one manufacturer to another. Be sure to check the descriptions for the tarps. Tarps will typically be 4 to 6 inches smaller in each direction than the specified size. If a tarp is specified to be 10 feet the actual size will be 9 ft 6 into 9 ft 8 in. This is due to the fact that tarps are cut to size and then hemmed at the edges. The hem uses up some of the original widths leaving the tarp slightly smaller than specified.(Please click here to learn the difference between cut size and finished size)- Lamination – Most poly tarps are constructed with a mesh fabric laminated between at least two layers of polyethylene film. Some heavy-duty and super heavy-duty tarps will have an additional layer of black polyethylene laminated in the center to prevent sun rays from penetrating the tarp. For some specially used, TAIMEI provides Max. 5 layers of lamination, it has strong water resistance ability.- Mesh Fabric – The mesh fabric specification is the number of threads per square inch. An 8X8 mesh count would mean there are an average of 8 threads per inch in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Heavier duty tarps will have from 12 to 16 threads per inch. The thread weight may also be specified in denier. Denier is the weight in grams of 9000 ft of thread. The larger the denier the heavier the thread. Denier is not always specified but generally the heavier duty the tarp the larger the thread.- Grommets – Grommets are metal rings lining a small hole at the edge of a tarp to accommodate the attachment of cords or bungees to the tarp. The spacing of grommets will vary from 0.5m to 1m depending on the grade of the tarp. Higher grade tarps will have the grommets spaced approximately 0.5m apart. Grommets may be made of aluminum (rustproof but not the strongest), brass (rustproof and strong), or plated steel (rust-resistant and strong), and also plastic(Polycarbonate). The most durable and rustproof grommets for outdoor use are brass.- Reinforcement – Tarps may have additional reinforcement around the perimeter of the tarp to help prevent ripping and tearing. There are four main types of reinforcement.- Corner reinforcement – The higher the grade of the tarp the more likely you will find heavy reinforcement in the corners. Corner reinforcement helps prevent tearing out of the corner grommets and will extend the life of your tarp.- Perimeter rope – This is a rope that has been sewn inside the hem at the edge of the tarp to add reinforcement strength to the tarp.- Hem – The hem is formed by folding the edge of the tarp back onto the tarp and then stitching the entire hemmed area. Most poly tarps have a hem.- Grommet reinforcement – In addition to the corners, some tarps have additional reinforcement at each grommet sometimes called a patch. This reinforcement is added to the hem area of the tarp and is typically only available in the heaviest duty tarps. Note that some heavy-duty tarps may use additional reinforcement in the hem to improve grommet strength and will not have the perimeter rope.- UV Treated – This is a chemical treatment done when manufacturing the tarp to help protect degradation of the poly tarp from UV rays. The normal tarps without UV Treated could last only 6 month, but with UV Treated, it could be last for 5 years under outdoor environment. - Waterproof – Most poly tarps are waterproof. The laminated film layers of polyethylene are naturally waterproof. However, some screen poly tarps designed for truck bed covers and sun screens are not waterproof.- Mildew and Rot Resistant – Since polyethylene is waterproof it also is resistant to rot and mildew.- Flame Retardant – No poly tarp is flame-proof and should not be used near open flames or other heat sources. Some flame retardant tarps are available. If you are purchasing a flame retardant tarp, be sure you know and understand the specifications.- Sun Blocking – Sun blocking tarps have an additional layer of black polyethylene and black mesh threads to form a light-blocking tarp. We also call it blockout tarps - Color – Tarps come in a wide range of colors all of which will not be covered here. Some tarps have special features that may be required for your application.- Silver Sun Blocker – These specialty tarps are designed with black polyethylene and black mesh laminated between silver poly on one side and either a light or dark poly on the other depending on the manufacturer. The key feature of these tarps is that they block the sunlight, and are cooler underneath in the summer. These tarps are great for canopies and carports.- White – These tarps are great in that they provide some shade but allow some natural light to come through. Applications include wedding receptions, dining canopies and vendor booths.- Clear – Clear poly tarps are great anywhere you need to have a lot of light but still need to have protection from the weather such as greenhouses.- Blue, Green, Brown – These tarps have no special color features but are great utility tarps for use in general construction or landscape maintenance.- Orange, Red, Yellow - These brightly colored tarps are used where high visibility is preferred.Poly Tarp Comparison Table:This table is intended to provide a quick comparison of typical tarp features. It is not based on any know document or specification but was compiled from many online sources. Use this as a guideline, not as an actual specification. COMPARISION TABLE Light Weight Medium Weight Heavy Duty Super Heavy Duty GSM 60-90GSM 95-110GSM 120-230GSM 240-300GSM THICKNESS 4-6mil 6-8mil 8-11mil 12-20mil LAMINATED LAYERS 3 3 3-5 3-5 MESH COUNT8x8/sq.in10x10/sq.in10-14/sq.in14-16/sq.inMESH DENIER800100012001300WEIGHT(PER SQ.YD)1.8-2.66 oz2.8-3.3oz3.5-6.8oz7-9ozGROMMET SPACE0.5 - 1m, adjustable according to customer's requestGROMMET TYPEAluminum/Copper/PlasticROPEAvailableUV TREATEDYes, from light to heavy duty, the life time is different from 6 month to 5 years. WATERPROOFYesMILDEW RESISTANTYesAPPLICATIONSGround Cover, Dust SheetGeneral CoverGneral Cover, EtcHay Cover, Etc.

White PTFE Fiberglass FabricWhat Is PTFE Fabric?PTFE stands for polytetrafluoroethylene, which is a type of synthetic polymer called a fluoropolymer. A fluoropolymer is a type of polymer that consists of carbon and fluorine molecules, and the main constituent of polytetrafluoroethylene is tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), which is a member of the fluorocarbon family.The most notable attribute of PTFE is that, due to its low dielectric constant, it is entirely hydrophobic, which means that water cannot pass through this synthetic material. This attribute has made PTFE highly popular in any application where the blockage of water is desired on a large or small scale.PTFE was not purposefully created; rather, it was discovered by accident by a DuPont Corporation scientist named Dr. Roy Plunkett in 1938. At the time, DuPont was the world leader in the development of synthetic textiles along with a number of other synthetic materials, and Plunkett made polytetrafluoroethylene in the process of trying to develop a new form of chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant.In addition, PTFE has an incredibly high melting point. According to Chemours, PTFE can resist temperatures of up to 600 degrees Kelvin, which is the equivalent of 327 degrees Celsius or 620 degrees Fahrenheit. Polytetrafluoroethylene also has one of the lowest friction coefficients of any polymer, which means that it is slippery to the touch and easy to clean. Furthermore, PTFE has high abrasion resistance, and it has high tensile strength.PTFE Lifetime ThreadAn unexpected reaction in the refrigerant development process resulted in the appearance of a white, slippery substance on the inside of the bottle Plunkett was using in his experiment. Upon analysis, the impressive attributes of this accidental creation were discovered, and a joint venture of General Motors and DuPont called Kinetic Chemicals patented PTFE in 1941.In 1945, Kinetic Chemicals registered polytetrafluoroethylene under the trademark Teflon, and one of the first uses of this polymer was as a valve and seal coating material in uranium enrichment applications as part of the Manhattan Project. In the mid-1950s, the benefits of PTFE as a non-stick coating on cookware were discovered. Due to its high heat resistance and hydrophobic qualities, many companies immediately leaped on the prospect of using Teflon as a cookware coating.ePTFESince the early days of its production, PTFE has been used as an insulator in electrical wiring. For instance, most types of coaxial cable use PTFE, and in the late 1950s, a DuPont employee named Bill Gore became interested in the potential applications of polytetrafluoroethylene in the computing industry.With the help of his son, Bob, Bill Gore developed a type of computer wiring called Multi-Tet. Within just a few years, Multi-Tet became widely used around the country; this cable was even used in the modules of the Apollo 11 spacecraft.Bob Gore, however, realized that PTFE had even greater potential. As he started to experiment with expanding PTFE, he noticed that this material became much more flexible and lightweight the more air it admitted. Bob’s experiments resulted in the discovery of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene ePTFE, which is now used in dozens of industrial and consumer applications.Like normal polytetrafluoroethylene, ePTFE is highly heat-resistant and hydrophobic, but it is also easy to shape into a thin, fabric-like material that can be deployed in many more applications than traditional PTFE, which is more rigid.GORE-TEXAs its name suggests, GORE-TEX is another creation of the Gore family. In 1970, Robert Gore started applying for a series of patents for ePTFE, and in 1976, W.L. Gore started marketing GORE-TEX as a material for outdoor enthusiasts.The hydrophobic properties of ePTFE make it an ideal material for rain jackets, and this fabric is also windproof while remaining somewhat breathable. Since the 1970s, GORE-TEX has exploded in popularity, and it is now considered the premier material in a variety of different waterproof garments.While PTFE is inherently impermeable by water, since GORE-TEX is made from stretched ePTFE, it has a microporous structure that allows the passage of water when it is in a gaseous form. When your body sweats, for instance, it emits steam, and this steam can freely move through GORE-TEX. Liquid water in the form of rain, however, cannot pass through this waterproof fabric.How Is PTFE Fabric Made?PTFE is polymerized from tetrafluoroethylene (TFE). In turn, TFE is created by combining fluorspar, hydrofluoric acid, and chloroform. To create TFE, these three components are combined under high temperatures through a process called pyrolysis. The resulting substance is in a gaseous form, and it is converted into a liquid under high pressure in low temperatures.PTFE Filter Mesh FabricsTFE is highly volatile, so it isn't commonly transported. Instead, most PTFE manufacturers make their own TFE on site. In the process of creating TFE, small amounts of a number of different chemicals, such as disuccinic acid and ammonium persulfate, may be used as initiators, and large amounts of water are also used in the PTFE production process.Once TFE has been acquired, PTFE may be made in a variety of different ways, and most manufacturers of this type of fabric have production process trade secrets that they do not share. However, the various production processes used to make PTFE can all be sorted into to basic categories: suspension polymerization and dispersion polymerization.Suspension PolymerizationIn this process, a reaction chamber is filled with purified water and an initiator chemical, and liquid PTFE is then introduced into the chamber. As soon as liquid PTFE comes in contact with the initiator, it starts to polymerize, and it forms solid grains that remain on the surface of the water. Throughout the process, the reaction chamber is moved back and forth to facilitate the circulation of water as a coolant.Once a certain weight of PTFE is reached, the process is stopped, and the water is drained from the reaction chamber. The resulting PTFE grains are then dried and pulverized with a mill. The resulting substance has a flour-like consistency, and these powdery grains are then made into larger granules since PTFE is hard to work with in this form. The resulting pellets are dried in an oven.PTFE Staple FiberOnce the pellets are dry, they can be made into a variety of different forms in the factory, or they may be shipped off in pre-made cylinders called billets. To make PTFE into a certain shape, it is heated above 680 degrees Fahrenheit (360 degrees Celsius) in an oven, at which point it takes on a gel-like consistency.Dispersion PolymerizationThis method does not result in solid grains of PTFE. Instead, it results in a liquified form of this substance that can only be used in coating or finish applications. As in the suspension polymerization method, water, an initiator chemical, and liquid TFE are introduced into a reaction chamber. Instead of being vigorously shaken, however, the reaction chamber is only lightly agitated, which results in tiny beads of PTFE.Once these beads have formed, a certain amount of water is removed, and a milky substance is formed. While this liquified substance is usually kept in its liquid form, it can also be dried into a fine powder.Production of ePTFEWhile Bob Gore came upon the idea for stretched PTFE early in his career working with his father, he spent endless fruitless hours trying to determine how to stretch this polymer before he created this new technology for the first time.Bob started by heating PTFE to a high temperature and pulling it slowly from both ends. However, these rods invariably broke. In exasperation, Bob finally tried pulling a rod of PTFE as fast as he could after it had been heated. Incredibly, the rod expanded to 10 times its normal size.All ePTFE made today, whether it's made by Gore & Associates, Inc. or a different company, is made with this seemingly simplistic method. By heating and rapidly stretching PTFE, this substance takes on unique properties that give it completely different performance characteristics than formal PTFE. In most cases, this substance is made with industrial ovens and stretching machines.Before they can be sold, PTFE and ePTFE products must meet certain quality control standards. For instance, dispersion PTFE is tested for viscosity and gravity parameters, and if PTFE manufacturers want to market their products as Teflon, they must adhere to certain standards laid down by DuPont since Teflon is a registered trademark of this corporation.How Is PTFE Fabric Used?PTFE is used in a wide variety of applications. Nearly 50 percent of the world's PTFE is used in the computer industry since it has high dielectric strength. Since its initial use in the Apollo missions, NASA has used PTFE in many different manned and unmanned space missions, and this substance is also used to make insulation for wires in extreme climates like Antarctica.Since it has a low coefficient of friction, PTFE is also used in bearings, bushing, gears, seals, and gaskets, and it is commonly used in the production of carbon fiber composites in the aerospace industry. The UV-resistance of PTFE makes it popular in outdoor industrial applications, and PTFE is also commonly used to coat the outsides of flexible architectural materials. For instance, the roof of the Minneapolis Metrodome is covered with PTFE coating to make this structure UV-resistant and easy to clean.PTFE is used in dozens of other industrial and scientific applications, but the context in which consumers have most commonly come into contact with this polymer is in non-stick pans. While Teflon is a registered trademark of DuPont, a variety of other companies have made similar coatings, and most types of cookware on the market now have Teflon coatings to make them easier to use and clean. Teflon and similar substances have also been used in such diverse applications as gaming mice and 3D printers to help reduce friction.In the form of GORE-TEX and similar substances, ePTFE is used in a wide variety of different types of apparel. As a general rule of thumb, if a flexible outdoor garment, shoe, or accessory is listed as waterproof, it's most likely that this product incorporates a layer of GORE-TEX or a similar ePTFE fiber. The GORE-TEX in ski jackets and other types of outdoor apparel outperforms other forms of waterproofing, and this substance is even used in many types of hiking shoes to help keep the feet of outdoor enthusiasts clean and dry while on long hikes.ePTFE is also used in a wide variety of medical applications. For instance, this fabric is used as a filtration membrane in drug delivery, urine collection, and laparoscopic surgery applications, and it is also used to make coatings for intravascular medical devices, which are types of devices that go inside of veins and arteries. ePTFE may also be used to coat medical implants that are designed for permanent installation to protect these devices from breakdown due to contact with bodily fluids.Due to its resistance to high temperatures, PTFE is often used as a coating for the gear and garments that are worn by first responders such as firefighters. Firefighting gear may also contain layers of ePTFE to improve heat resistance and improve breathability. Furthermore, PTFE and ePTFE are used in gear worn by members of military and paramilitary organizations. PTFE is even used to make consumer items like guitar strings.Where Is PTFE Fabric Produced?China is the largest producer of PTFE. In 2016, this Asian nation exported PTFE material worth $154 million, and the USA is China's main competitor since it produced $118 million of PTFE in the same year. After the USA and China, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, and Japan are the next biggest exporters of PTFE.Despite producing this substance in large quantities, the USA is also the largest importer of PTFE. This country imported $158 million of PTFE in 2016, and it was followed by Germany at $99 million and Italy at $84 million. While DuPont holds the trademark to Teflon, it allows other manufacturers to make this substance as long as they meet certain manufacturing guidelines.How Much Does PTFE Fabric Cost?While the price of PTFE fluctuates substantially, the average cost of this product is approximately $8,800-$16,000 per ton. The price of PTFE also varies by country; for instance, exporting PTFE to countries like China and Germany generally costs somewhat more than exporting this product to the United States.To the end consumer, types of PTFE used in garments, such as GORE-TEX, are not significantly more expensive than other types of raingear. However, the GORE-TEX brand carries significant recognition around the world, so garments that contain this substance may be marketed at higher price points. For instance, a GORE-TEX jacket for men costs an average of $70-$200.China Ptfe Membrane FabricConsumers don't generally have any use for ePTFE when it isn't incorporated into garments, so prices of this substance by the sheet aren't usually relevant in the consumer market. While cookware containing PTFE branded as Teflon or another trade name may be slightly more expensive than other types of cookware, this price discrepancy isn't usually very pronounced.What Different Types of PTFE Fabric Are There?In its original form, PTFE is a rigid substance that cannot be made into flexible, fabric-like materials. However, this substance can be added to other types of materials to make a fabric-like substance, and various types of fabrics can also be made with ePTFE, which is the stretched form of this linear polymer.1. PTFE FiberglassFlexible fiberglass sheets can be coated with PTFE to improve their durability and weather resistance. In most applications in which flexible fiberglass is used outdoors, this material is coated with PTFE. This coating makes fiberglass suitable for the permanent, tent-like roofs that stretch over dozens of stadiums and business centers around the world. While PTFE fiberglass doesn't last forever, it does last for about 30 years before it must be replaced.2. PTFE-Coated GarmentsWhile normal PTFE isn't used to make garments, it is used to coat garments made from other materials. When coated with PTFE, garments have decreased friction, which makes them easier to clean. In addition, this coating makes garments resistant to stains, and it acts as a flame retardant. Therefore, PTFE is commonly used to coat special types of clothing such as uniforms and ceremonial robes.3. ePTFEIn some cases, ePTFE fabric may be used in outdoor architectural applications instead of PTFE-coated fiberglass. Pure ePTFE has all of the benefits of PTFE fiberglass, but it also lasts longer than other types of flexible outdoor architectural materials. One of the most notable benefits of this architectural material is its light transmission; according to Birdair, ePTFE allows 40 percent more light transmission as compared to PVC.ePTFE may also be used in garments. While this substance is most commonly branded as GORE-TEX, when it is made by independent manufacturers, it is usually labeled simply as ePTFE or with another trade name. Whether or not ePTFE is labeled as GORE-TEX, it has the same waterproofing and breathability benefits.4. GORE-TEXGORE-TEX is a registered brand name of the W.L. Gore corporation, and it is the most commonly used type of ePTFE in consumer garments. While GORE-TEX may also be used in military and industrial applications, it is most commonly used as a waterproof lining in rain jackets, ski jackets, gloves, boots, ski pants, and a wide variety of other apparel applications in which increased airflow and high porosity are desired.How Does PTFE Fabric Impact the Environment?The production of PTFE results in a variety of toxic byproducts. For instance, hydrofluoric acid is released in the production of this substance, and this byproduct is highly toxic. Hydrofluoric acid causes serious tissue damage if it comes into contact with either human or animal tissue, and it also causes environmental damage if it is not disposed of properly.PTFE production also releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which has been identified as a greenhouse gas. The presence of these chemicals can pose serious harm to workers if production areas are not properly ventilated, and bodily harm through exposure to these substances is so widespread that a specific disease has been named to refer to the symptoms of hydrofluoric acid and carbon dioxide exposure in PTFE production plants: polymer fume fever. Some of the waste substances produced in PTFE production can be reused, but since these substances are now widely available, there isn't as much of an incentive for factories to retain these waste products for new products.A wide body of research has been conducted to determine the effects of PTFE production on the environment, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have compiled the results in a comprehensive toxicity dossier. PTFE production involves the release of hydrofluorocarbons, and while these substances don't destroy the ozone layer like chlorofluorocarbons, they have other toxic effects when introduced into the environment.In addition, the thermolysis (breakdown by heat) of PTFE releases a substance called trifluoroacetate, which is highly toxic to humans and animals. This substance accumulates in the water supplies of urban environments, and it has even been shown to adversely affect the growth of root matter in plants.Currently, the best way to dispose of PTFE and related substances is in landfills since incinerating this substance releases hydrogen chloride and other toxic substances into the atmosphere. However, if landfills are not properly designed to prevent leaching into the surrounding soil, trifluoroacetate and other substances could contaminate the environment surrounding these designated waste disposal areas.While PTFE does leach toxic contaminants into the environment, this substance is not biodegradable, which means that it does not break down due to natural processes. Therefore, garments made from ePTFE or GORE-TEX will remain in the environment for thousands of years after their date of manufacture.PTFE Fabric Certifications AvailableSince PTFE and ePTFE are fully synthetic compounds that are made from all-new materials, they are not eligible for recycled or organic certification. However, they are eligible for various types of certification from organizations like the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). For instance, good PTFE or ePTFE fiber will come with ISO 9001 certification, and it will also have ISO 13485 certification if it is being used in medical devices. Furthermore, these substances may be eligible for ISO 14001 certification if their production meets certain environmental standards, and PTFE or ePTFE may also be eligible for OHSAS 18001 certification if facilities producing these substances meet certain workplace safety requirements.

Table of ContentWhat Is Polypropylene Fabric?How Is Polypropylene Fabric Made?How Is Polypropylene Fabric Used?Where Is Polypropylene Fabric Produced?How Much Does Polypropylene Fabric Cost?What Different Types of Polypropylene Fabric Are There?How Does Polypropylene Fabric Impact the Environment?Polypropylene Fabric Certifications AvailableWhat Is Polypropylene Fabric?Polypropylene fabric is a term used to describe any textile product that is derived from the thermoplastic polymer polypropylene. This type of plastic is part of the polyolefin group, and it is non-polar and partially crystalline. Next to polyethylene, polypropylene is the second-most commonly produced plastic in the world, and it is more commonly used in packaging, straws, and other types of consumer and industrial goods than it is in textile production.This type of plastic was originally developed by the American corporation Phillips Petroleum in 1951. Chemists Robert Banks and J. Paul Hogan were attempting to derive gasoline from propylene, and they accidentally created polypropylene. While this experiment was deemed a failure, it was quickly recognized that this new compound has the potential to be on par with polyethylene in many applications.It wasn't until 1957, however, that polypropylene was made into a substance suitable for mass production. In 1954, the Italian chemist Giulio Natta and his German colleague succeeded in forming this substance into an isotactic polymer, and the Italian corporation Montecatini quickly started producing this substance for commercial and consumer use.Polypropylene was originally marketed under the name "Moplen," and this name is still a registered trademark of the LyondellBasell corporation. However, it is much more common to find this substance referred to as polypropylene or "polypro" for short.As the use of polypropylene became more and more popular in a number of consumer and industrial applications, it was gradually discovered that this type of plastic also showed potential as a textile. Polypropylene fabric is a nonwoven textile, which means that it is made directly from a material without any need for spinning of weaving. The main benefit of polypropylene as a fabric is its moisture transfer abilities; this textile cannot absorb any moisture, and instead, moisture passes through polypropylene fabric entirely.This attribute allows moisture that is exuded while wearing a polypropylene garment to evaporate much more quickly than it would with a moisture-retaining garment. Therefore, this fabric is popular in textiles that are worn close to the skin. However, polypro has a tendency to absorb and retain body odors when it is used for undergarments, and it also melts at relatively low temperatures. Molten polypro fabric can cause serious burns, and this issue also makes it impossible to wash this fabric at high temperatures.Polypropylene fabric is one of the lightest synthetic fibers in existence, and it is incredibly resistant to most acids and alkalis. In addition, the thermal conductivity of this substance is lower than that of most synthetic fibers, which means that it is ideally suited for cold weather wear.Furthermore, this fabric is highly resistant to abrasion, and it also resists insects and other pests. Due to its notable thermoplastic qualities, it's easy to mold polypro plastic into various shapes and forms, and it can be reformed through melting. This plastic is also not very susceptible to stress cracking.However, polypro is notoriously hard to dye after it is manufactured, and it is also difficult to shape this fabric into different textures. This fabric is susceptible to UV damage, and it does not adhere well to latex or epoxies. Like every other synthetic textile, polypropylene fabric also has a significantly negative impact on the environment.How Is Polypropylene Fabric Made?Like most types of plastics, polypro is made from substances that are derived from hydrocarbon fuels like petroleum oil. First, the monomer propylene is extracted from crude oil in gas form, and this monomer is then subjected to a process called chain-growth polymerization to create the polymer polypropylene.Once a large number of propylene monomers are strung together, a solid plastic material is formed. To make a usable textile, polypropylene resin must be mixed with a wide variety of plasticizers, stabilizers, and fillers. These additives are introduced into molten polypro, and once the desired substance is acquired, this plastic may be allowed to cool into bricks or pellets.These pellets or bricks are then transferred to a textile factory, and they are remelted. In most cases, this polypropylene is then formed into sheets, or it may be allowed to cool in molds. If sheets are created, these thin fibers are then cut into the desired shape and sewn or glued to create garments or diapers. A variety of different manufacturing methods are used to form polypropylene into non-apparel products.How Is Polypropylene Fabric Used?Polypro fabric is commonly used in clothing applications in which moisture transfer is desired. For instance, this type of plastic is commonly used to make top sheets for diapers, which are the components of diapers that make direct contact with skin. By using polypropylene for this diaper component, it is assured that no moisture will remain in contact with a baby's skin, which reduces the likelihood of rashes forming.This nonwoven fabric's moisture-transferring properties have also made it a popular textile for cold weather gear. For instance, this synthetic was used to make the underwear and undershirts that were used in the first generation of the U.S. Army's Extended Cold Weather Clothing System (ECWCS). It was found that garments made from this fabric improved the comfort of soldiers in cold-weather conditions, but problems with polypro fabrics have caused the United States military to switch to the latest generation of polyester textiles for their Generation II and Generation III ECWCS systems.In some cases, polypropylene fabric may also be used to make sportswear, but a number of issues with this type of plastic have made newer versions of polyester more popular for this application. While this fabric's moisture-transferring properties are highly desirable for sportswear, the inability to wash this fabric with hot water makes it hard to remove odors from polypropylene sportswear. In addition, this textile's susceptibility to UV damage makes it a poor choice for any type of outerwear.Beyond the world of apparel, polypropylene plastic is used in thousands of different applications. One of the most famous uses of this substance is in drinking straws; while straws were originally made from paper, polypropylene is now the preferred material for this application. This plastic is also used to make ropes, food labels, food packaging, sunglasses, and a variety of different types of bags.Where Is Polypropylene Fabric Produced?China is currently the biggest exporter of polypropylene products. In 2016, factories in this country produced a volume of polypro plastics valued at $5.9 billion, and it's projected that this trajectory will stay steady for the foreseeable future.A great deal of this substance is also made in Germany; this country produced approximately $2.5 billion of polypropylene in 2016, and Italy, France, Mexico, and Belgium are also significant producers of this substance. In 2016, the United States produced $1.1 billion in polypro products.The biggest player in the international polypropylene production industry is LyondellBasell. This company is incorporated in the Netherlands, and it has bases of operation in Houston and London.The runner-up in this industry is Sinopec Group, which is based in Beijing, and PetroChina Group, which is also based in Beijing. The top 10 producers of this substance account for 55 percent of the total production of polypropylene worldwide.Polypropylene is processed into fabrics all over the world. The biggest producer of finished polypro fabrics is China, and this type of textile is also sewn into garments and other types of fabrics in India, Pakistan, Indonesia, and a number of other countries.How Much Does Polypropylene Fabric Cost?Since polypro is one of the most widely produced types of plastic, it is generally quite inexpensive in bulk. A large number of different major factories compete with each other to capture the world's plastics market, and this competition drives prices low.However, polypropylene fabric may be relatively expensive. The main reason for this increased price is lack of demand; while polypropylene fabric used to be used to make thermal undergarments relatively frequently, recent advances in the production of polyester have made this type of fabric largely obsolete. Therefore, this type of fabric costs more to textile producers than similar synthetic fabrics, such as polyester, and this increased cost is generally passed on to the end consumer.It's important to clarify, however, that this increased cost only applies to polypropylene fabric that is designed to be made into apparel. Various types of polypropylene fabric that are not suited for apparel are marketed at relatively low prices, and they are generally quite inexpensive. These fabrics come in a variety of different colors and textures.What Different Types of Polypropylene Fabric Are There?A variety of different additives can be added to polypro while it's in its liquid state to alter the attributes of this material. In addition, there are two major types of this plastic:• Homopolymer polypropylene: Polypro plastic is considered to be homopolymer when it is in its original state without any additives. This type of polypro plastic is not generally considered to be a good material for fabric.• Copolymer polypropylene: Most types of polypropylene fabrics are copolymer. This type of polypro plastic is further split into block copolymer polypropylene and random copolymer polypropylene. The co-monomer units in the block form of this plastic are arranged in regular square patterns, but the co-monomer units in the random form are arranged in relatively random patterns. Either block or random polypropylene is suited for fabric applications, but block polypro plastic is more commonly used.How Does Polypropylene Fabric Impact the Environment?The production and use of polypropylene has a decidedly negative impact on the environment. Since polypro plastic is derived from hydrocarbon fuels, the manufacture of this substance is inherently unsustainable; fossil fuels are limited resources, and a great deal of energy is expended to acquire these substances.In addition, a significant amount of waste is produced in the process of making polypropylene. In some cases, the excess hydrocarbon fuels that are left over after the propylene extraction process may be reused for other purposes, but they may also be discarded, which causes a negative environmental impact.Various toxic chemicals are also used in the polypropylene production process; the contaminated water and air that are emitted from polypro production plants enter the ecosystem and negatively affect the surrounding population, and the chemicals released in the production of this type of plastic may also affect factory workers who are exposed to it. It's also worth pointing out that a scientific study found that polypropylene plastics used in food packaging release bioactive chemicals.Once it is discarded by the end consumer, polypro plastic stays in the environment for a very long time. It takes hundreds of years for this substance to decompose, so it is not considered to be biodegradable. Unlike some other synthetic materials, however, most polypro introduced into the environment will break down within a thousand years or less.Certain companies make additives for polypropylene that make this plastic biodegradable. However, these additives are not used for polypro fabrics.This factor means that every piece of polypropylene fabric that is produced will remain in the ecosystem for hundreds of years before it is broken down. Many areas around the developed and developing world are currently encountering significant issues regarding the pollution created by plastics, and some nations are approaching this issue head-on; for instance, a variety of different businesses and cities around the United States have recently issued bans on plastic straws in an attempt to reduce pollution.Polypropylene Fabric Certifications AvailableDepending on how it is made, polypro fabric may be eligible for ISO 9001 certification, which is provided by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This organization may also offer ISO 13485 certification for polypropylene products that are used for medical purposes.Furthermore, ISO offers another certification program specifically for polypropylene. Known as ISO 19069-1:2015, this standard tests for the tensility, impact resistance, and melt mass-flow rate of polypropylene to make sure that it is in compliance with basic criteria. This type of plastic may also be eligible for certification from the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) or NSF International.About the author:Boris Hodakel is the founder and CEO of Sewport - an online marketplace connecting brands and manufacturers, former founder of various clothing manufacturing services. He is passionate about e-commerce, marketing and production digitisation. Connect with Boris on LinkedIn.

The following content will provide the answers from our knowledge and practical experiences to these questions:1. What is woven polypropylene bags?2. Why woven polypropylene suitable for packaging use?3. Different names of woven polypropylene bags4. Properties of woven polypropylene bags5. Applications of woven polypropylene bags6. Is woven polypropylene an eco-friendly material?7. Can woven polypropylene bags printable?8. Glossary of woven polypropylene bags9. How to customize bags of woven polypropylene?10. HS code of woven polypropylene bags11. 2 typical use of woven polypropylene bags12. Do you supply more than just woven polypropylene bags?What is woven polypropylene bags?Let’s break this question into three sections.1. wovenWoven, or weaving is a method by many threads or tapes woven in two directions (warp and weft), to form a fabric for plastic industry needs.In the plastic woven industry, with a plastic film is drawn into filaments, woven into fabric/sheet/cloth. It can be into a tarpaulin, woven bags, container bags, tons of bags, geotextile fabric, color of the cloth and so on.Woven or weaving by industry:Plastic film into a fiber, it should belong to the plastic industry;Filament weaving process from the plastic into view, it should belong to the textile industry.Thus, it is both plastic and textile industries marriage of the body.Woven fabric cloth usually frays at the edges, unless techniques are used to counter it, such as the use of pinking shears or hemming.2. woven polypropylenePolypropylene, which is also known as PP for short name, is one kind of thermoplastic resin material that produced by the polymerization of propylene.Woven polypropylene is polypropylene strips/threads that have been woven in two directions (warp and weft) to creat a light, but strong and heavy duty material.3. woven polypropylene bagsBuild with circular woven polypropylene fabric, one side sewn as the bottom, leave the other side open, the simplest woven polypropylene bags is done.Why woven polypropylene suitable for packaging use?High Melt Index with low DensityNon-toxicNon-staining100% reusable and durableEasy to clean and anti bacterialLight in weight with lowest densitybreathable or water proof with a laminated filmEasy to produce, assembly and an economic materialExcellent resistance to stress and high resistant to crackingHigh operational temperatures with a melting point of 167°CResistant to most alkalis and acid, organic solvents, degreasing agentsDifferent names of woven polypropylene bags1. woven polypropylene bags = woven polypropylene sacksBags or sacks is appropriate to describe something in a wide range of packaging types.A bag is, a flexible container with a single opening.A sack is, a bag made of paper or plastic for holding.Sack is just one type of Bag, especially applying to the packaging industry. In fact, most countries use BAG more frequently than sack. There will be differences but little, so as far as we know, woven polypropylene bags = woven polypropylene sacks.2. Short names of woven polypropylene bagspp bagswpp bagswoven bagswoven pp bagswoven poly bags3. Use names of woven polypropylene bagssalt bagsrice bagscoal bagsflour bagssandbagsfeed bagsseed bagscement bagsfertilizer bagsfirewood bagschemical bags…The fact is different names used in different countries and regions. More bag details needed if we came to a conslusion that it’s the woven polypropylene bag.Properties of woven polypropylene bagsThe properties of woven polypropylene bags come from two aspects:1. Properties of polypropylene2. Properties of woven methodPolypropylene has qualities of rot/flame/chemical resistance, and woven method means strong yet breath. Combining together with other factors, we got 9 facts of woven polypropylene bags.· Woven Polypropylene Bags are reusable.· Woven Polypropylene Bags don’t degrade when wet.· Woven Polypropylene Bags are naturally resistant to tearing.· Woven Polypropylene Bags can be printed on one side or both sides.· Woven Polypropylene Bags allow the contents to breath until air dried.· Woven Polypropylene Bags have better burst strength than plastic bags.· Woven Polypropylene Bags can be laminated as the vapor and moisture barrier.· Woven Polypropylene Bags can be partially transparent for outstanding presentation.· Woven Polypropylene Bags can be side gusseted to accommodate bulky items easily.Applications of woven polypropylene bags1. Agricultural product packagingPP woven bags are largely used in storing and transporting agricultural products such as aquatic products, feeds, fruits, vegetables, etc. PP woven bags used in the agricultural industry typically include feed PP woven bags, chemical PP woven bags, fertilizer PP woven bags, vegetable woven bags and fruit mesh bags.2. Food packagingPP woven bags are increasingly used to pack food. Common food woven bags include rice PP woven bags, flour PP woven bags, maize woven bags, etc.3. Geotechnical engineeringPP woven fabrics are extensively used in the construction of irrigation works, roads, railways, ports, mines, buildings, and more. Having the functions of filtering, draining, isolation and anti-seepage, PP woven fabrics are one of the most popular geosynthetics.4. Tourism and transportTemporary tents, sunshades, and various travel bags can be made by PP woven fabrics. In addition, plastic woven fabrics can also be used as fences and screens during construction.5. Daily necessitiesPP woven bags are almost used by everyone, whether workers, farmers, or cargo agents etc. You can find plastic woven products (such as shopping bags, logistics bags etc.) in stores, warehouses and houses, nearly everywhere.6. Flood control productsWoven bags play an important role in reducing or preventing the detrimental effects of flood waters. They are widely used in the construction of dams, river banks, roads and railways. Woven polypropylene sandbags are widely used all over the world.7. Special woven bagsSpecial woven bags are used to serve some special purposes. For example, UV resistant woven bags have UV protection and anti-aging function, allowing them a longer lifespan in the sunlight. Woven polypropylene tube with UV protection can be used for earthbag buildings.Is woven polypropylene an eco-friendly material?Yes, it’s an eco-friendly fabric. It can be melted down, recycled and made into other products. Besides, they last long enough and can be used many times to reduce your demand from single-use products.Woven polypropylene bag can last between four and five years if proper use.Can woven polypropylene bags printable?Yes, very. Woven polypropylene is a great fabric to print on. You can choose normal easy printing such as simple brand text and image with three colors, also full color printing with bopp lamination.Bopp laminated woven polypropylene bags is best suited to graphic and digitally created art work. Perfect for 100% print coverage with no limit to creativity!Glossary of woven polypropylene bagsPolypropylene – A type of polymer used in producing monofilament and multifilament yarns and threads. It is recyclable and is used as our standard fabric.Yarn / Tape – Extruded PP sheet, slit and stretched in annealing ovens to form part of the woven fabric for the bag.Warp – Yarn or tape in a fabric, oriented perpendicular to the Weft yarn during weaving. This would go from top to bottom in the body fabric.Weft – Yarn or tape in a fabric, orientated perpendicular to the Warp yarn during weaving. This would go from left to right in the body fabric.Woven – Combined with many polypropylene yarns or tapes in two directions (warp and weft) to form fabric.Denier – The weight of yarn in grams per 9,000 meters.Fabric Mesh – The measure of the density of the fabric weave, measured as the number of yarns per inch in both the Warp and Weft directions. Like 10×10 mesh.Fabric Weight – The measure of the fabric weight in ounces per square yard or grams per 100 square centimeters.Stitches per Inch – A sewing specification requiring “X” number of stitches per inch. Like 4 stitches per inch.Seam – A sew line made by the attachment / assembly of two or more components.Top Hemmed / Hemming – A fold and sew operation which prevents fraying of cut fabric. This also provides a clean finish to the woven polypropylene bag. It may be either towards the inside or outside of the bag.Body Fabric – The tubular portion of a seamless or circular woven bag.Breathable Fabric / Bags – Uncoated or non-laminated fabric / bags.Circular Woven Bag – Also called a tubular bag, it is made from fabric woven on a circular loom, which is then cut to the proper length for a specified bag height, thereby eliminating the seams on each of the bag’s sides.Coated Fabric / Bags – Fabric or bag which is coated / laminated with Polypropylene (PP) to prevent moisture intrusion or sifting of the contents. Also called Non-breathable or Laminated fabric / bags.Bag Size – width and longth. Longth dimension of the woven polypropylene bag measured from the Top Seam to the Bottom Seam.Printing Design – A drawing supplied by the plant for the prospective customer’s review and approval, prior to production, in order to assure compliance with the customer’s needs and expectations.UV Stabilized – A feature of an unit of woven polypropylene bag that provides protection from prolonged exposure to the sun’s degrading UV rays. A pigment is added to the resin prior to extrusion of the yarns to provide this protection.How to customize bags of woven polypropylene?1. Is this a new project or an existing one?2. What are you trying to do?3. What are you packaging? (grain, beans, chemicals, etc)4. How many pounds or kilograms do you want/require?5. What size do you need?6. Do you want coated (water resistant) or uncoated (breathable)?7. What features do you need?7.1 Insert handle7.2 Insert tag7.3 PP gusset7.4 Paper gusset7.5 Hemmed top7.6 Easy (E-Z) open7.7 Double bag7.8 Insert liner7.9 Ventilation8. Do you want it printed or plain?9. If printed, do you want direct printing or laminated?10. How many do you need?11. How soon do you need them?Some most common sizes of woven polypropylene bags for your reference

What material TAIMEI use? We standard woven and knitted fabrics are primarily made of environmentally-friendly raw materials polyethylene and/or polypropylene. The standard product range consists of tape fabrics (coated or uncoated), reinforced films and woven or knitted netting. When durability and/or life expectancy play a crucial role in the application, we also use polyester PVC-coated textiles and netting. Should our standard materials not meet the specific requirements of your customers’ applications, then we would be happy to inform you about our Made To Order possibilities.We supply from stock a wide range of Tarpaulins and Netting suitable for most standard applications. All of our standard products are tested regularly at renowned European laboratories to ensure the highest quality demands. Precise finishing, reliable quality and ingenious packaging make all the difference. Naturally, we can deliver from stock most of our materials in rolls as well for convenient manufacturing of unusual sizes and/or other applications.